The difference between ultrasonic welding and laser welding

Many friends don't know whether to choose ultrasonic welding machine or laser welding machine when they buy a welding machine. So what is the difference between them? I'll explain it to you today.

At present, the advantages and disadvantages of the welding process plays a decisive role in the heat transfer of flat solar collectors, and domestic flat solar water heater collectors (collector plates) mainly use laser welding and ultrasonic welding. Welding, flat solar collector absorption. The heat plate is mainly made of aluminum and copper plates, and the runners are basically made of copper tubes. These two welding methods have their own advantages in practical applications.

Examples

For example, many users do wire harnesses and lithium electrode ear welding, laser welding machines also do flat solar collectors. In general, the material of the heat-absorbing plate is mainly two kinds of aluminum and copper plate. The thickness of the copper plate is 0.12 mm to 0.2 mm, with an initial standard of 0.2 mm. To reduce costs, most manufacturers currently choose 0.12mm as the material. Product standards.

There are two main thicknesses of aluminum sheet: 0.3mm and 0.4mm. The principle of laser welding machine is to use high energy laser to melt the weld metal to form a joint. Laser welding creates a "molten pool" on the surface of the solder. The higher the current, the deeper the bath; the higher the voltage, the wider the bath. For thin copper sheets of 0.12 mm, laser welding is easy. This is when ultrasonic welding is basically the best choice. According to the analysis of ultrasonic welding and laser welding, ultrasonic welding is suitable for welding thin materials and laser welding is more suitable for welding thick materials. When welding copper plate, only ultrasonic is applicable; for welding aluminum plate, ultrasonic and laser are optional, and the selection conditions are different. 0.3mm aluminum plate can only be ultrasonic welded, and laser welding can only be selected for thickness above 0.4mm.

General ultrasonic welding machine is suitable for welding thinner products, laser welding will directly penetrate the thin. Another important aspect is that the price of laser welding machine is several times that of ultrasonic welding machine. For more information about ultrasound, please follow Metallurgical Ultrasound Technology.

Ultrasonic metal spot welding machines are used for welding of similar metals. It can be used for single and multi-point short strip welding of thin materials such as copper, silver, aluminum and nickel. Can be widely used for melting lithium batteries. Welding ears and other various shapes.

Laser welding vs. ultrasonic welding

Laser technology is a beam of light that uses a polarizing mirror to reflect the laser beam and focus it in a focusing device to produce a huge amount of energy. The laser focus emitted in pulses reaches thousands of degrees Celsius and the metal material melts and evaporates within milliseconds. One role is to weld the solar collector core runners to the highly selective heat absorbing coating, with weld joints 3 to 5 mm apart on the solar heat absorbing film layer.

Non-contact welding, which can be delivered over long distances and then highly concentrated, provides welding, cutting and heat treatment. It has the advantages of no pressure on the welded workpiece, little overall deformation, and little damage to the surface of the heat-absorbing coating. This is an important reason for the industry opinion-oriented laser welding is superior to ultrasonic welding, but laser welding will change the physical structure of the object to be welded, and the mechanical strength will deteriorate, which has a certain impact on the welding. Thermal conductivity. At present, the domestic laser welding representative manufacturers are: GrandTech Laser, Liansheng Laser, Chutian Laser and other enterprises.

Ultrasonic welding is through ultrasonic high frequency mechanical vibration generated by high density energy, so that the surface of the workpiece plastic deformation, under pressure to destroy the surface layer, so that the welded metal is physically connected at room temperature. Although ultrasonic welding destroys about 3% of the film layer, the heat transfer efficiency is relatively good because it is continuous nonfusion welding. At the same time, ultrasonic welding has certain advantages in terms of material cost. Ultrasonic welding is suitable for thin products. The international mainstream flat copper products are generally between 0.12mm and 0.2mm. Now some companies choose aluminum plate in order to consider the material cost, ultrasonic welding choose 0.2. -0.3 mm.

Laser welding is suitable for thick materials. For example, the thickness of aluminum plate is generally 0.4mm, resulting in higher material costs. In fact, these two welding technologies have their own merits. Using which welding equipment companies should choose the more appropriate one according to their actual situation, rather than a generalized evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the two welding technologies.

Advantages of ultrasonic welding vs laser welding

The advantages of laser technology are that the workpiece to be welded does not require welding, the overall deformation is small, and damage to the heat-absorbing coating surface can be minimized. However, laser welding also affects changes in the physical structure of the object to be welded, and the welded joint is often subjected to hot and cold shocks. This leads to fractures and poor strength, which is particularly fatal for the alternating hot and cold effects caused by intermittent operation of flat plate collectors.

The advantages of ultrasonic metal welding is that the welded material does not melt, the metal is not fragile features, short welding time, high fusion strength, processing close to the cold state; but the heat absorption layer damage of about 3%, the weld metal will not be too thick (generally ≤ 5 mm ), for flat-plate solar heat-absorbing plate welding is an advantage, and because it is continuous non-melting welding, heat transfer efficiency is better. Some people have done the same test under the same conditions, ultrasonic welding products than laser welding heat transfer efficiency. About 3%.

Ultrasonic metal spot welding machine is used for welding of similar metals and can weld single and multi-point short strips of thin non-ferrous materials such as copper, silver, aluminum and nickel. Can be widely used to fuse lithium batteries. Welding ears and other various shapes.

Ultrasonic metal spot welding machine adopts electronic program control, high power, high efficiency, automatic control, easy operation, built-in electronic protection circuit, safe to use, stable and reliable. The welding parts have the characteristics of solid welding surface, high strength, subjective environmental protection, etc.

At present, the international mainstream of flat products copper plate thickness is generally between 0.12mm ~ 0.2mm, copper tube wall thickness is mostly 0.5mm. With the rising price of copper, companies are increasingly considering the cost of materials. Aluminum plate, copper thermal conductivity of 390W / (m - K), aluminum thermal conductivity of 237W / (m - K), according to the basic formula for thermal conductivity Q = pose × A × △ T / L, the thickness of the aluminum plate to reach the copper plate (2mm ~ 3mm) 1.65 times can achieve the same heat transfer rate.